Origin of the Tupi Guarani
Tupi-Guarani Culture
The term Tupiguarani aims to identify one of the ten language families of the Tupi body.
The other linguistic families identified in Brazil are I and Arauak, which in turn derive from the agency of languages of the indigenous peoples who inhabited Brazil at the time of the arrival of the Portuguese.
Tupi derives from the Tupinambá language, joined by colonists and missionaries, used as a common language in Brazil.
Guarani is still used today by the Guarani, Guaranikaiowá, Guaraniñhandeva and Guaranim'byá peoples.
Today, the Brazilian Indians still share 150 languages and dialects and part of the repertoire was incorporated by the Portuguese, such as cassava, Curitiba, Aquidauana, Iguaçu, tapioca, among others. Before the appearance of Pedro Álvares Cabral's squadron, there were at least a thousand men.
Preserving their language, customs and social organization, the indigenous peoples of Brazil are called nations and not tribes, a common and imprecise name. There are similarities between many peoples, but the differences stand out.
Culture
Indigenous culture includes language, social and political organization, rituals, mythology, art, housing, cosmology and ways of relating to the environment.
Religion
The Indians of Brazil are polytheists, but their religious relationship changed radically under the influence of colonization, with Catholicism and monotheism.
They believe in the power of nature, in the divinity of animals, plants and man himself, in the interaction with all the elements.
Through oral tradition, they transmit customs and instructions for the rituals of life and death. Among the notable rituals of life is the celebration of childbirth, which marks the transition to adulthood.
The common feature of indigenous peoples in Brazil in religion is shamanism. Shamans are responsible for performing rituals.
Among the Tupiguarani peoples, the shaman is called a shaman, the person who deals with the connections between living beings, nature, living and dead humans.
Art
Brazilian indigenous art is plural and the production is not open to everyone. Are respected from the social hierarchy, the difference of gender and age to manipulate the materials that will result in decorative objects or adornments for rituals.
Feathers, braided plant fibers, clay, stones and hand-prepared pigments are characteristic of indigenous art.
Tupi-Guarani Culture
Indigenous Ceramics
Vegetable fiber (straw) braided
Lifestyle
Most Indians in Brazil maintained the tradition of collecting and hunting food. Agriculture was rudimentary and some small animals were domesticated, such as capybara.
In their social organization, they are mostly polygamous. The situation changed with colonization due to Catholic religious ideology. They lived and many still live in the community.
Housing can be collective or individual, depending on the population. The best known route is the circular one, with a central space for the development of ceremonies and celebrations.
The houses are arranged in a circle and the center is where the ceremonies and parties take place.
See also: The formation of the Brazilian: history and aberration
Guarani Indians
The Guarani Indians were the first to come into contact with the settlers. They are divided into three groups: kaiowá, ñandeva and m'byá.
The name Guarani means person. Today, these people live in nine Brazilian states, in addition to Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. In Brazil alone, there are at least 51,000.
. Although both are Guaraní, they differ in speech, religious behavior and social organization. Today, the largest group that lives in Brazil is the kaiowá, which means “forest people”.
Hunters and scavengers believe that the land is an extension of their own soul and this is one of the points where there is a dead end in Mato Grosso do Sul.